This course aims to provide the keys to a better understanding of the world in which we live: this year it will focus on the ARAB-MUSLIM WORLD (Bogdan Smarandache, 22.5 hours) in the first term and on SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA (Anne Cornet, 22.5 hours) in the second term. Each module is designed as an introduction to the various facets of a civilisation and their interactions in a historical perspective: the permanent features and major transformations of society, the economy and the political system, language, the arts, religion and frames of thought, and even the development of science and technology over the past centuries. Emphasis will be placed on the originality and topicality of this heritage.