At the end of this course, students should be able to:
use the concepts of chemical bonding, molecular geometry, Lewis structure and hybridization to represent the structure of organic molecules in two or three dimensions
draw simple organic molecules using the different writing conventions covered in the course.
identify and represent the functional groups of the main families of organic compounds
deduce the structure of a molecule from its name (IUPAC) and conversely, deduce the name of a molecule from its structure. (Simple organic molecules from the family of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds, halogenated compounds, alcohols, phenols, thiols)
describe and weight oxidation-reduction equations applied mainly to organic molecules (application to biochemical processes)
assign the absolute configuration of a stereocentre
distinguish and rigorously represent the three-dimensional structures of enantiomers, diastereoisomers, structural isomers, geometric isomers, conformers, etc.
visualise the three-dimensional structure of organic molecules from their topological formula, Newman projection, Fisher projection, etc., and vice versa.
represent the most stable conformation of organic molecules such as variously substituted cyclohexane.
identify the relationship between several isomers
understand the concepts of chirality and enantiomeric purity
use thermodynamic and kinetic concepts to predict the evolution of a chemical process in a qualitative way
recognise the different types of reactants (nucleophiles, electrophiles, radicals, acids and bases, oxidants and reducers)
identify the characteristic physical properties of certain functional groups (solubility, acidity, basicity, aromaticity, etc.)
describe the movement of electrons within an organic molecule and during a reaction between two given compounds.
assess the relative stability of different reaction intermediates (cationic, anionic, radical) on the basis of electronic effects (inductive and mesomeric effects) and deduce the regioselectivity of some elementary reactions.
use theoretical concepts to analyse, exploit and comment on experimental results
recognise and identify the main organic chemistry reaction mechanisms as a function of the reactants and reaction conditions
predict the products of a simple reaction (without mechanism) from the reactants
discuss reaction mechanisms in terms of acid-base and electrophile-nucleophile interactions
rigorously write down the mechanisms of simple reactions covered in the course
be familiar with the properties and general structures of a few simple biological molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins)
The aim of the course is to give the student a sufficient command of the terminology, molecular structures and reaction mechanisms of organic chemistry. This will provide the essential chemical basis for subsequent courses such as biochemistry taught in veterinary medicine. The aim is also to develop a critical and scientific mind. The course will be illustrated by typical examples relating to the animal world.
The content of the course is defined by the first 12 chapters of the book ‘Chimie organique 1’ by H. Hart (Editions Dunod, 2008) as well as the chapter on kinetics in the ‘Concentré de Chimie’ by J. Wouters (chap VI). In the first part, the concepts developed in general chemistry are applied to carbon chemistry. The great diversity of compounds formed with carbon atoms is then presented. Types of hybridisation, polarity, isomerism, mesomerism and conformation help students to understand the nature of organic molecules, their three-dimensional nature and their classification. In the second part, the kinetics of a reaction are described, with a view to tackling the final part of the course: reactivity. The study of the various functions and reaction mechanisms in relation to molecular structures is covered. Particular attention will be paid to molecules of biochemical interest (carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids).
Chapter 1 : Fundamental concepts
Chapter 2 : Specific writing of organic chemistry
Chapter 3: Oxidation-reduction reactions
Chapter 4 : Isomerism
Chapter 5: Chemical reactivity
Chapter 6 : Alkanes
Chapter 7 : Alkenes and Alkynes
Chapter 8 : Aromatic Compounds
Chapter 9: Halogenated Compounds
Chapter 10: Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols
Chapter 11: Overview of the main functional groups useful in biochemistry and biology: carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
The final mark reflects the overall assessment for the year, broken down as follows:
1) The TD mark obtained will account for 20% of the final mark awarded for the organic chemistry course.
The practical classes will be assessed by two compulsory tests in the 2nd term. The average of these exams will account for 20% of the final mark. If a test has not been taken and the absence is justified by a medical certificate, the test will have to be repeated at the recovery session organised at the end of the year. If the absence is not justified by a medical certificate, a mark of 0/20 will be awarded.
In the event of a 2nd session, the TD mark for the year will be carried over to the 2nd session.
2) The course mark obtained will account for 80% of the final mark awarded for the organic chemistry course. The exam is a written MCQ in the 1st and 2nd sessions, comprising: - the course material (theoretical concepts and applications) - the TD material (problems and exercises).
| Training | Study programme | Block | Credits | Mandatory |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bachelor in Veterinary Medicine | Nouveau | 1 | 5 | Yes |