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AbstractIn CO2-rich atmospheres such as that of Venus, the study of water vapor requires the use of H2O collision parameters for CO2. However, due to a lack of data, models still use collision parameters for air to estimate the abundance of water vapor in this type of atmosphere. In this thesis, new experimental laboratory measurements of the collision parameters of H2O, HDO, and D2O by CO2 were carried out. These were then used as the basis for dedicated theoretical calculations. Their impact was evaluated using radiative transfer simulations applied to the atmosphere of Venus, under conditions close to those of future observations by the European EnVision mission. The results clearly show that using collision parameters for air instead of CO2 can lead to an overestimation of nearly 40% of the abundance of water vapor in the mesosphere and to inversion difficulties in the troposphere. This work thus provides essential elements for improving the spectral analysis of CO2-rich atmospheres.JuryDr. Ha TRAN (Sorbonne University), ChairProf. Muriel LEPÈRE (University of Namur), SecretaryDr. Emmanuel MARCQ (University of Versailles)Dr. David JACQUEMART (Sorbonne University)Dr. Laurence RÉGALIA (University of Reims)Dr. Séverine ROBERT (Royal Institute for Space Aeronomy, Belgium)

AbstractNosocomial infections are a major public health problem, exacerbated by the global spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Faced with this challenge, it is crucial to explore alternatives or complementary strategies to conventional treatments. Among these, the use of copper is attracting renewed interest. This metal has natural antibacterial properties that have been recognized since ancient times. It acts through multiple mechanisms such as membrane alteration, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and the denaturation of proteins and nucleic acids, leading to rapid cell death. These characteristics make it an effective biocidal agent in many contexts, particularly in hospitals.However, the selective pressure exerted by the increased presence of copper in the environment has led to the emergence of specific resistance systems in certain bacteria. These systems allow strict control of copper homeostasis by limiting its intracellular accumulation through efflux, sequestration, or oxidation mechanisms. In Caulobacter crescentus, an environmental bacterial model, copper resistance is based in particular on the Pco system. This system is composed of the PcoB protein, located in the outer membrane. Although its structure has been partially described in E. coli, its precise function remains unclear. Preliminary observations suggest that it may be involved in the export of copper from the periplasm to the outside of the cell, thus acting as a release pathway.To explore the role of PcoB in bacterial copper resistance, this study focused on the structural and functional characterization of the protein. After extraction and purification, PcoB was incorporated into artificial liposomes to develop an in vitro transport assay to assess its ability to release copper across a lipid bilayer. At the same time, a truncated mutant lacking the disordered N-terminal region was produced and subjected to the same analyses. The comparison between the complete and truncated forms aims to determine the involvement of this flexible region in the transport mechanism and stability of the protein. These approaches have laid the initial experimental foundations for studying the transport mechanism of PcoB and constitute a first step towards a detailed understanding of how the Pco system works. They also open up prospects for the development of new antibacterial strategies targeting copper management systems in bacteria.JuryProf. Johan WOUTERS (UNamur), ChairDr. Catherine MICHAUX (UNamur), SecretaryProf. Jean-Yves MATROULE (UNamur)Dr. Guillaume ROUSSEL (UCLouvain)Prof. Francesca CECCHET (UNamur)Prof. Hennie VALKENIER (ULB)

In line with its predecessors, ICEL 2026 will provide an excellent opportunity for the intellectual and social exchanges that keep our community closely connected. It will bring together participants from all over the world involved in the research, development, and manufacturing of emissive materials. A wide array of subjects will be explored, offering a comprehensive perspective on contemporary advances in these fields. We extend a warm invitation for the dissemination of recent breakthroughs in related topics, with a particular emphasis on fostering the active participation of young and motivated researchers.We especially expect to cover the following topics:Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence emittersRadical emittersOrganometallic complexesPerovskitesLasingCircularly polarized luminescenceLight emission from exciplexesGreen- and biophotonicsComputational modeling of light-emitting materialsAll practical information (registration, abstract submission, and accommodation) is available on the ICEL2026 website. Access the ICEL2026 website

Our keynote speakers for 2026 are Professor Roosmarijn Vandenbroucke (Ghent University) and Professor Nelly Litvak (Eindhoven University of Technology). More information on the "Women in Science" website

The IBAF Meetings have been organized since 2003, every two years since 2008, by the Ion Beams Division of the French Vacuum Society (SFV), the oldest national vacuum society in the world, which celebrated its 80th anniversary in 2025.As in previous editions, IBAF 2026 will offer a rich and varied program with guest lectures, oral and poster presentations, and technical sessions. All this will be complemented by an industrial presence to promote exchanges between research and innovation. The conference will cover a wide range of topics, from ion beam instruments and techniques to the physics of ion-matter interactions, including the analysis and modification of materials, applications in the life sciences, earth and environmental sciences, and heritage sciences. More information on the IBAF2026 website

The F.R.S.-FNRS has just published the results of its various 2025 calls for proposals. These include the "Credits & Projects" and "WelCHANGE" calls, as well as the "FRIA" (Fund for Research Training in Industry and Agriculture) and "FRESH" (Fund for Research in the Humanities) calls, which aim to support doctoral theses. What are the results for UNamur? Twenty-eight projects have been selected, demonstrating the quality and richness of research at UNamur. 

Practical information:When: Wednesday, March 11, 2026, from 8:30 a.m. to 12 p.m.Cost: FreeLanguage: FrenchAudience: 5th and 6th year secondary school studentsMeeting place: University of Namur (The exact address will be provided at a later date) Program:This morning event will feature several highlights:A warm welcome for groups to get the day off to a good start.Introductory lecture session: Mini-lectures in plenary sessions will address a variety of compelling topics, setting the stage and sparking curiosity about current mathematical themes.Parallel and successive practical workshops: After a short break, students are invited to participate actively. They rotate between three different workshops, offered in parallel. These sessions encourage experimentation and hands-on learning in small groups on specific topics.Offer your students a free and enriching morning to (re)discover the joy of mathematics!This activity is organized with the support of Wallonia Research.

Terminator to talk about AI? Wall-E to talk about technological dependence? The Truman Show to discuss social media? In a new book, two professors from UNamur, Anthony Simonofski (digital transformation—EMCP Faculty—NaDI Institute) and Benoît Vanderose (software engineering—Faculty of Computer Science—NaDI Institute), take readers on a journey at the crossroads of digital technology and cinematic imagination. 

On the occasion of the International Day of Women and Girls in Science proclaimed on February 11 by the United Nations General Assembly, and as part of the European alliance European Space University for Earth and Humanity (UNIVERSEH) focusing on the theme of space, discover the testimonies of four women scientists from UNamur working on astronomical themes.

Jury Prof. Benoît MUYLKENS (URVI, Université de Namur), PresidentProf. Carine MICHIELS (URBC, Université de Namur), SecretaryProf. Xavier DE BOLLE (URBC, Université de Namur)Prof. René REZSOHAZY (LIBST, Université catholique de Louvain)Prof. Florian STEINER (Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Université de Genève)Prof. Germano CECERE (Department of developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur) Summary In animals, germ cells are often distinguished from somatic lineages at the earliest stages of embryogenesis. In some organisms, germ blastomeres appear to enter a state of transcriptional quiescence. For example, in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, transcription is activated in somatic blastomeres as early as the 4-cell stage, whereas it is not initiated in germline blastomeres until the 100-cell stage. This transcriptional repression in germ blastomeres has been attributed to the PIE-1 protein, specifically localized in these cells from the first embryonic division. PIE-1 is thought to inhibit the activity of CDK-9, a cyclin-dependent kinase previously considered essential for the phosphorylation of serine 2 (CTD-Ser2) of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II and for transcription elongation. However, recent studies, showing that embryogenesis proceeds normally in a mutant strain expressing a CTD in which serines 2 is replaced by an alanine (CTD-S2A) and identifying CDK-12 as the main kinase phosphorylating CTD-Ser2, call this model into question.To study the transcriptome of germline blastomeres in the worm C. elegans, an approach combining cell sorting and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was developed. Pilot analyses validated this method on a wild-type strain, enabling its use on a strain in which PIE-1 can be specifically degraded using the Auxin-Inducible Degron (AID) system. This made it possible to examine the effect of PIE-1 depletion on the transcriptome of germline blastomeres revealing that in its absence, germline blastomeres adopt a transcriptional profile close to that of somatic blastomeres, confirming the fundamental role of PIE-1 in preserving germline identity during embryogenesis. In parallel, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe was used to analyze the consequences of PIE-1 expression in a heterologous organism. The results showed that PIE-1 by localizing near transcription termination sites induces further transcription by RNA polymerase II beyond the termination site, leading to transcription of intergenic regions. These observations led to the hypothesis that in C. elegans,within germinal blastomeres, PIE-1 might regulate alternative polyadenylation in 3' untranslated regions, producing longer RNA isoforms susceptible to degradation. In the absence of PIE-1, shorter isoforms could be generated, allowing accumulation of somatic transcripts and potentially degradation of maternal mRNAs via somatic protein translation. Although further investigations are required in C. elegans to validate this hypothesis, it provides an innovative conceptual framework for understanding the role of PIE-1, independent of CTD-Ser2 phosphorylation.

Jury Prof. Marielle BOONEN (UNamur), presidentProf. Henri-François RENARD (UNamur), secretaryProf. Claire HIVROZ (PSL University)Prof. Michel GHISLAIN (UCLouvain)Prof. Pierre VAN DER BRUGGEN (UCLouvain)Prof. Ludger JOHANNES (PSL University)Prof. Pierre MORSOMME (UCLouvain) Summary Clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) mediates the cellular uptake of endogenous and exogenous cargoes, including bacterial toxins and viruses. Endophilin A3-mediated endocytosis is a specific CIE mechanism that differs from fast endophilin-mediated endocytosis (FEME), with ALCAM and L1CAM being the first confirmed Endophilin A3-specific cargoes. Here, we report ICAM1 as a new Endophilin A3-dependent endocytic cargo. ALCAM and ICAM1 are important components of immune synapses (IS), which are polarized structures formed between immune cells and target cells, such as cancer cells. These molecules transduce essential co-stimulatory signals to T cells to help their effective activation and proliferation. We find that both ALCAM and ICAM1 serve as cargoes for retromer-dependent retrograde transport to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in cancer cells. Interestingly, disrupting Endophilin A3-mediated endocytosis or retromer-dependent retrograde transport machinery impairs activation of autologous cytotoxic CD8 T cells, possibly by affecting the polarized redistribution of immune synapse components at the plasma membrane. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that CIE and retrograde transport are key pathways in cancer cells that promote the activation of cytotoxic CD8 T cells.

Jury Prof. Yves CAUDANO (UNamur), chairmanProf. André FÜZFA (UNamur), secretaryProf. Dominique LAMBERT (UNamur)Dr. Jérémy REKIER (Observatoire royal de Belgique et UCLouvain)Prof. Dr. Félix FINSTER (Regensburg University) Summary Sounding the Universe with a relativistic solar sailboat or Einstein-Dirac fermionsThe Universe exerts a curiosity on man that is both undeniable and fundamental. To unravel the mysteries of the Cosmos, man is driven to develop two major investigative strategies: direct exploration by sending space probes, and indirect exploration by observing cosmic electromagnetic fields, gravitational waves or particles such as fermions.Following these two strategies, in this thesis we develop, in the first approach (consisting of sending a space probe), a relativistic kinematic and dynamical model of photonic sails (light sails) with arbitrary reflectivity and absorbance, moving in a non-rectilinear manner with the aim of exploring interstellar space. The problem is to determine the sail's trajectory in a Minkowski spacetime, a four-dimensional variety. From detailed calculations, we obtain the sail's universe line in the laser reference frame as a function of the sail's proper time.The second approach applies the Two-State Vector Formalism and weak measurements to a homogeneous, isotropic cosmological framework. By coupling Dirac spinners to classical gravity, we calculate weak values of the energy-impulse tensor, the Z component of spin and pure states. Extending the work of Finster and Hainzl on Einstein-Dirac cosmology, we show that the accelerated expansion of the Universe can be interpreted as a consequence of post-selection. We also demonstrate that weak measurements can amplify signals using simpler equipment, thanks to judicious selection of the initial and final state vectors. In addition, this procedure highlights certain geometric properties of the Cosmos' three-dimensional space, offering a new way of exploring the structure of the Universe.We also examine the mathematical structure on which the Dirac equation rests beyond the usual dimension and signature. This reveals a rich internal symmetry and gives rise to a particularly aesthetic diagrammatic representation. Abstract Probing the Universe with a Relativistic Light Sail or Einstein-Dirac FermionsHumanity's profound curiosity about the cosmos is both undeniable and fundamental. To demystify the Universe, humankind is compelled to develop both direct and indirect probing strategies: direct exploration through physical visits using probes, and indirect exploration by observing cosmic electromagnetic field, gravitational waves and particles such as fermions.Building on these two strategies, this thesis proposes two distinct approaches to probing the Universe. In the first approach, we present a relativistic kinematic and dynamic model of light sails with arbitrary reflectivity and absorptance, undergoing non-rectilinear motion as a method of interstellar exploration. The problem involves solving for the trajectory of the sail in a 4-dimensional Minkowski spacetime manifold. By detailed computation, we derive the worldline of the sail in the laser's frame in the sail's proper time.The second approach applies the Two-State Vector Formalism and weak measurements to a spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmological framework. Coupling Dirac spinors with classical gravity, we compute weak values of the energy-momentum tensor, the Z-component of spin, and pure states. Extending the work of Finster and Hainzl on Einstein-Dirac cosmology, we demonstrate that the Universe's accelerated expansion can be interpreted as a consequence of post-selection. We also show that weak measurements can amplify signals with simpler equipment by carefully selecting initial and final state vectors. This process also reveals geometric properties of the spacelike three-manifold of the Cosmos, opening new way on probing the structure of the Universe.We explore also the mathematical framework underlying the Dirac equation beyond the standard dimension and signature. This enterprise reveals its symmetrically rich properties and aesthetic diagrammatic representation.